àªà«àª àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯
àªà«àª(àªà«àªà«àª¯àª¾) àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯ યà«àª°à«àªªàª®àª¾ àªàªµà«àª² àªàª સà«àªµàª¤àªàª¤à«àª° દà«àª¶ àªà« ઠનૠતà«àª¨à« રાàªà«àª§àª¾àª¨à« પà«àª°àª¾àª àªà«.
àªà«àª àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯ Äeská republika  (Czech) | |
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સà«àª¤à«àª°: "Pravda vÃtÄzÃ" (Script error: The function "name_from_code" does not exist.) "Truth prevails" | |
રાષà«àªà«àª°àªà«àª¤:Â
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the  àªà«àª àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯ નà«àª સà«àª¥àª¾àª¨Â  (dark green) â in Europe  (green & dark grey) | |
રાàªàª§àª¾àª¨à« and largest city | પà«àª°àª¾àª 50°05â²N 14°28â²E / 50.083°N 14.467°E |
Official language | àªà«àª[૧] |
Officially recognized languages[૨][૩] | |
વàªàª¶à«àª¯ àªà«àª¥à« (2011[૪]) |
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ધરà«àª® (2011)[૪] |
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લà«àªà«àª¨à« àªàª³àª | àªà«àª |
સરàªàª¾àª° | Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic |
â¢Â President | MiloÅ¡ Zeman |
â¢Â Prime Minister | Andrej BabiÅ¡ |
સàªàª¸àª¦ | Parliament |
â¢Â àªàªªàª²à«àª àªà«àª¹ | Senate |
â¢Â નà«àªàª²à«àª àªà«àª¹ | Chamber of Deputies |
Establishment history | |
â¢Â Duchy of Bohemia | c. 870 |
â¢Â Kingdom of Bohemia | 1198 |
â¢Â Czechoslovakia | 28 October 1918 |
â¢Â Czech Republic | 1 January 1993 |
વિસà«àª¤àª¾àª° | |
â¢Â àªà«àª² | 78,871 km2 (30,452 sq mi) (115th) |
â¢Â àªàª³Â (%) | 2.12 (as of 2020)[à««] |
વસà«àª¤à« | |
â¢Â 2021 àª
àªàª¦àª¾àªà«àª¤ | ઢાàªàªà«:DecreaseNeutral 10,701,777[૬] (86th) |
â¢Â 2011 વસà«àª¤à« àªàª£àª¤àª°à« | 10,436,560[૪] |
â¢Â àªà«àªàª¤àª¾ | 136/km2 (352.2/sq mi) (62th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2020 ઠàªàª¦àª¾àªà«àª¤ |
â¢Â àªà«àª² | $432.346 billion[à«] (36th) |
â¢Â Per capita | $40,585[à«] (34th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2020 ઠàªàª¦àª¾àªà«àª¤ |
â¢Â àªà«àª² | $261.732 billion[à«] (36th) |
â¢Â Per capita | $24,569[à«] (37th) |
àªà«àª¨à«Â (2019) |  24.0[à«®] low · 5th |
માનવ વિàªàª¾àª¸ દર (HDI) (2019) |  0.900[૯] very high · 27th |
àªàª²àª£ | àªà«àª àªà«àª°à«àª¨àª¾ (CZK) |
સમય વિસà«àª¤àª¾àª° | UTC+1 (CET) |
â¢Â àªàª¨àª¾àª³à«Â (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
વાહન દિશા | àªàª®àª£à« |
àªà«àª²àª¿àª«à«àª¨ àªà«àª¡ | +420b |
ISO 3166 àªà«àª¡ | CZ |
àªàª¨à«àªàª°àª¨à«àª ડà«àª®à«àªàª¨ (TLD) | .czc |
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àªàª¤àª¿àª¹àª¾àª¸ ફà«àª°àª«àª¾àª° àªàª°à«
નવમૠસદà«àª¨à« શરà«àªàª¤àª®àª¾ બà«àª¹à«àª®àª¿àª¯àª¾àª¨à« રાષà«àªà«àª° બà«àª°à«àª¹àª¦ મà«àª°à«àªµàª¿àª¯àª¾àª¨à« àªàª àªàª¾àª હતà«àª તà«àª¯àª¾àª° બાદ તૠàªà«àª¦àª¾àªà«àª¦àª¾ સમય દરમà«àª¯àª¾àª¨ રà«àª®àª¨ સામà«àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯ ઠનૠàªàª¸à«àªà«àª°à«àª¯àª¨ સામà«àª°àªà«àª¯àª¨à« àªàª¾àª રહà«àª¯à« હતà«àª. પà«àª°àª¥àª® વિશà«àªµàª¯à«àª§à«àª§àª¨àª¾ ઠàªàª¤ બાદ àªà«àªà«àª¸à«àª²à«àªµà«àªà«àª¯àª¾àª¨à«àª àªàª£àª¤àªàª¤à«àª° ઠસà«àª¤àª¿àª¤à«àªµàª®àª¾ àªàªµà«àª¯à« હતà«. બà«àªàª¾ વિશà«àªµàª¯à«àª§à«àª§àª¨àª¾ ઠàªàª¤ બાદ તૠસà«àªµà«àª¯à«àª¤ રશિયાનૠઠસર હà«àª ળ સામà«àª¯àªµàª¾àª¦à« રાષà«àªà«àª° બનà«àª¯à« હતૠ.૧૯૯૩મા સà«àªµà«àª¯à«àª રશિયાના પતન બાદ àªà«àªà«àª¸à«àª²à«àªµà«àªàª¿àª¯àª¾ બૠસà«àªµàª¤àªàª¤à«àª° દà«àª¶àª®àª¾ વિàªàª¾àªà«àª¤ થàªàª¨à« àªà«àª àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯ ઠનૠસà«àª²à«àªµàª¾àªà«àª¯àª¾ àªàª® બૠàªà«àª¦àª¾ દà«àª¶à« બનà«àª¯àª¾ હતા.
àªà«àªà«àª³ ફà«àª°àª«àª¾àª° àªàª°à«
àªà«àª àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯ મધà«àª¯ યà«àª°à«àªªàª®àª¾ àªà«àª¤àª°àª« àªàª®à«àª¨àª¥à« àªà«àª°àª¾àª¯à«àª²à« àªàª દà«àª¶ àªà« àªà« પà«àª°àª¾àªà«àª¨ સમયમાઠબà«àª¹à«àª®àª¿àª¯àª¾àª¨àª¾ નામૠàªàª³àªàª¾àª¤à« હતà«. àªà«àª રાàªà«àª¯àª¨à« દàªà«àª·àª¿àª£à« àªàª¸à«àªà«àª°à«àª¯àª¾,પશà«àªàª¿àª®à« àªàª°à«àª®àª¨à«,àªàª¤à«àª¤àª°-પà«àª°à«àªµàª®àª¾ પà«àª²à«àª¨à«àª¡ ઠનૠપà«àª°à«àªµàª®àª¾àª સà«àª²à«àªµà«àªàª¿àª¯àª¾ àªàªµà«àª² àªà«. àªà«àª રાàªà«àª¯àª¨à« àªà«àª² વિસà«àª¤àª¾àª° à«à«®,à«®à«à«§ àªà«.àªàª¿.મૠàªà«àªàª²à« àªà«. àªà«àª રાàªà«àª¯àª¨à« àªàª¬à«àª¹àªµàª¾ àªàªàª¡à«àª¯ પà«àª°àªàª¾àª°àª¨à« સમàªàª¾àª¤ àªà« àªà«àª¥à« àªàª¨àª¾àª³à« હà«àªàª«àª¾àª³à« ઠનૠશિયાળૠઠàªàª¡à«,બરà«àª«àª¿àª²à« ઠનૠવાદળàªàª¾àª¯à« હà«àª¯ àªà«.
àªàª¦à«àª¯à«àª ફà«àª°àª«àª¾àª° àªàª°à«
àªà«àª àªàª£àª°àª¾àªà«àª¯àª¨à« ઠરà«àª¥àª¤àªàª¤à«àª° વિàªà«àª¸à«àª¤ દà«àª¶à«àª¨à« હરà«àª³àª®àª¾ àªàªµà«àªà« ઠનૠમà«àªà«àª¯àª¤à«àªµà« સà«àªµàª¾ ઠનૠપà«àª°àªµàª¾àª¸àª¨ àªàª¦à«àª¯à«àª પર àªàª§àª¾àª° રાàªà« àªà«. દà«àª¶àª¨àª¾ મà«àªà«àª¯ àªàª¦à«àª¯à«àªà« રસાયણ,મà«àªàª° બનાવવાનà«,પà«àª²àª¾àª¦,યàªàª¤à«àª°àª¸àª¾àª®àªà«àª°à«,વિàªàª¾àª£à« àªàª¦à«àª¯à«àª ઠનૠàªàª¾àª¦à«àª¯ પદારà«àª¥à« બનાવવાનૠàªà«. àªà«àª¤à«àªµàª¾àª¡à«àª®àª¾ મહદ ઠàªàª¶à« àªàªµ,મàªàª¾àª,ફળફળાદà«,રાàª,àªàª ઠનૠહà«àªª àªà«.
વસà«àª¤à«àªµàª¿àª·àª¯àª ફà«àª°àª«àª¾àª° àªàª°à«
àªà«àª રાàªà«àª¯àª¨à« મà«àªàª¾ àªàª¾àªàª¨à« પà«àª°àªàª¾ àªà«àª પà«àª°àªàª¾àª¤à«àª¨à« àªà« તૠàªàªªàª°àª¾àªàª¤ મà«àª°à«àªµàª¿àª¯àª¨ ઠનૠસà«àª²à«àªµàª¾àªàª¿àª¯àª¨ લà«àªà« પણ વસૠàªà«. દà«àª¶àª¨à« સતà«àª¤àª¾àªµàª¾àª° àªàª¾àª·àª¾ àªà«àª àªà«. સામà«àª¯àªµàª¾àª¦àª¨à« લાàªàª¬àª¾àªàª¾àª³àª¾àª¨à« ઠસર હà«àª ળ દà«àª¶àª¨àª¾ મà«àªàª¾àªàª¾àªàª¨à« પà«àª°àªàª¾ àªà«àª àªà«àªà«àªàª¸ ધરà«àª®àª¨à« પાલન àªàª°àª¤àª¾ નથૠપણ àªàª£àª¾ લà«àªà« રà«àª®àª¨ àªà«àª¥à«àª²àª¿àª ઠનૠ"àªàª¸à«àªàª°à«àª¨ àªàª°à«àª¥à«àª¡à«àªà«àª¸" àªà«àª°àª¿àª¸à«àª¤à« ધરà«àª®àª¨à«àª પાલન àªàª°à« àªà«.
સàªàª¦àª°à«àª ફà«àª°àª«àª¾àª° àªàª°à«
- â "Czech language". Czech Republic â Official website. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. મà«àª³ સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤ માàªàª¥à« 6 November 2011 પર સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤. મà«àª³àªµà«àª² 14 November 2011.
- â Citizens belonging to minorities, which traditionally and on a long-term basis live within the territory of the Czech Republic, enjoy the right to use their language in communication with authorities and in courts of law (for the list of recognized minorities see National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤ à« àªà«àª¨ ૨૦૧૨ ના રà«àª વà«àª¬à«àª મશિન, Belarusian and Vietnamese since 4 July 2013, see Äesko má nové oficiálnà národnostnà menÅ¡iny. Vietnamce a BÄlorusy સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤ à«® àªà«àª²àª¾àª ૨૦૧૩ ના રà«àª વà«àª¬à«àª મશિન). Article 25 of the Czech Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms ensures the right of the national and ethnic minorities to education and communication with the authorities in their own language. Act No. 500/2004 Coll. (The Administrative Rule) in its paragraph 16 (4) (Procedural Language) ensures that a citizen of the Czech Republic who belongs to a national or an ethnic minority, which traditionally and on a long-term basis lives within the territory of the Czech Republic, has the right to address an administrative agency and proceed before it in the language of the minority. If the administrative agency has no employee with knowledge of the language, the agency is bound to obtain a translator at the agency's own expense. According to Act No. 273/2001 (Concerning the Rights of Members of Minorities) paragraph 9 (The right to use language of a national minority in dealing with authorities and in front of the courts of law) the same also applies to members of national minorities in the courts of law.
- â The Slovak language may be considered an official language in the Czech Republic under certain circumstances, as defined by several laws â e.g. law 500/2004, 337/1992. Source: http://portal.gov.cz સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤ ૧૦ àªàªªà«àª°àª¿àª² ૨૦૦૫ ના રà«àª વà«àª¬à«àª મશિન. Cited: "NapÅÃklad Správnà Åád (zákon Ä. 500/2004 Sb.) stanovuje: "V ÅÃzenà se jedná a pÃsemnosti se vyhotovujà v Äeském jazyce. ÃÄastnÃci ÅÃzenà mohou jednat a pÃsemnosti mohou být pÅedkládány i v jazyce slovenském ..." (§ 16, odstavec 1). Zákon o správÄ danà a poplatků (337/1992 Sb.) "ÃÅednà jazyk: PÅed správcem danÄ se jedná v jazyce Äeském nebo slovenském. VeÅ¡kerá pÃsemná podánà se pÅedkládajà v ÄeÅ¡tinÄ nebo slovenÅ¡tinÄ ..." (§ 3, odstavec 1). http://portal.gov.cz
- â ૪.૦ ૪.૧ ૪.૨ "Public database: Census 2011". Czech Statistical Office. મà«àª³àªµà«àª² 2 June 2021.
- â "Public database: Land use (as at 31 December)". Czech Statistical Office. મà«àª³àªµà«àª² 2 June 2021.
- â "Population of Municipalities â 1 January 2021". Czech Statistical Office. 30 April 2021.
- â à«.૦ à«.૧ à«.૨ à«.à«© "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. મà«àª³àªµà«àª² 2 November 2019.
- â "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. મà«àª³ સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤ માàªàª¥à« 20 March 2019 પર સàªàªà«àª°àª¹àª¿àª¤. મà«àª³àªµà«àª² 3 July 2020.
- â "Human Development Report 2020" (PDF) (ઠàªàªà«àª°à«àªà«àª®àª¾àª). United Nations Development Programme. 10 December 2019. મà«àª³àªµà«àª² 10 December 2019.