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a, b, c, ch, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, ll, m, n, ñ, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z.
à® à®à®° வரிà®à¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®³à¯à®³ à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®®à¯ ஠வà¯à®à®³à®¿à®©à¯ பà¯à®¯à®°à¯à®à®³à¯à®®à¯ à®à¯à®´à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³à®©. தலà¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯ à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®µà®à¯, à®à®¿à®±à®¿à®¯ à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®µà®à¯ à®à®à®¿à®¯ à®à®°à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ à®à®¾à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³à®©. பிறà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®±à®¿à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®à¯à®¯à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³à®µà¯ ஠னà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®²à® à®à®²à®¿à®¯à®©à¯ à®à¯à®±à®¿à®à®³à¯ à®à®à¯à®®à¯. k, w à®à®à®¿à®¯ à®à®°à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ வà¯à®±à¯à®±à¯à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®à®©à®¾à®à®ªà¯ பà¯à®±à¯à®± à®à¯à®±à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ à®®à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ வழà®à¯à®à¯à®µà®©.
A a | a ['äË]| à® | J j | jota ['xoÌË.t̪ä], ['ÏoÌË.t̪ä], ['hoÌË.t̪ä]| ஹà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾ | R r | ere,erre ['eÌË.rÍeÌ]| à®à®°à¯à®°à¯ | ||||
B b | be ['beÌË] 'ப௠be alta [ËbeÌ 'äl̪.t̪ä] 'ப௠à®à®²à¯à®à¯à®à®¾ be grande [ËbeÌ 'ɰɾän̪.d̪eÌ] 'ப௠'à®à®¿à®°à®¾à®£à¯à®à¯ be larga [ËbeÌ 'läɾ.ɰä] 'ப௠லாரà¯à®à®¾ |
K k | à® | S s | à®à®¸à¯ | ||||
C c | ce ['sÌ»eÌË] ஸà¯, ['θeÌË] ஸà¯à®¤à¯ | L l | ele ['eÌË.leÌ] à®à®²à¯ | T t | te ['t̪eÌË] த௠| ||||
Ch ch | à®à¯ | Ll ll | doble ele 'à®à¯'பà¯à®²à¯ à®à®²à¯ elle à®à®¯à¯ | D d | de ['d̪eÌË] 'à®à¯ | M m | eme ['eÌË.meÌ] à®à®®à¯ | U u | u ['uË] à® |
E e | e ['eÌË] à® | N n | ene ['eÌË.neÌ] à®à®©à¯ | V v | uve ['uË.βÌeÌ] à®à®ªà¯ ve ['beÌË] 'ப௠ve baja [ËbeÌ 'βÌäË.hä] 'ப௠பஹா, [ËbeÌ 'βÌäË.xä] ve chica 'ப௠à®à®¿à®à¯à®à®¾ [ËbeÌ 'ʧiË.kä] ve corta [ËbeÌ 'koÌɾ.t̪ä] 'ப௠à®à¯à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾ | ||||
F f | efe ['eÌË.feÌ] à®à®à®µà¯ | à ñ | eñe ['eÌË.ɲeÌ] à®à®©à¯à®¯à¯ | W w | uve doble [Ëu.βÌeÌ 'ðÌoÌË.βÌleÌ] à®à®ªà¯ 'à®à¯à®ªà¯à®²à¯ doble ve 'à®à¯'பà¯à®²à¯ வ௠['doÌË.βÌleÌ ËβÌeÌ] doble u ['doÌË.βÌleÌ Ëu] 'à®à¯à®ªà¯à®²à¯ à® ve doble ['ËβÌeÌ doÌË.βÌleÌ] வ௠'à®à¯à®ªà¯à®²à¯, 'ப௠'à®à¯à®ªà¯à®²à¯ | ||||
G g | ge ['xeÌË] à®à®, ['çeÌË] ஸà¯, ['heÌË] ஹ௠| O o | o ['oÌË] à® | X x | equis ['eÌË.kisÌ»] à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®¸à¯, ['eÌË.kis̺]à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®¸à¯ | ||||
H h | hache ['äË.ʧeÌ] ஹாà®à¯à®à¯, ['äË.ʨeÌ] | P p | pe ['peÌË] ப௠| Y y | ye ['ÊeÌË] யà¯, ['ÊeÌË], ['ÊeÌË] à® à®à®¿à®°à®¿à®¯à¯à®à®¾ [Ëi 'ɰɾjeÌË.ɰä] | ||||
I i | i ['iË] à® i latina [Ëi lä't̪iË.nä] ஠லதà¯à®¤à®¿à®©à®¾ |
Q q | cu ['kuË] à®à¯ | Z z | zeta, ceta ['θeÌË.t̪ä] தà¯à®¸à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾, ['sÌ»eÌË.t̪ä] ஸà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾ zeda, ceda ['sÌ»eÌË.ðÌä] ஸà¯à®¤à®¾, ['θeÌË.ðÌä] தà¯à®¸à¯à®¤à®¾ |
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- rr (தமிழிலà¯à®³à¯à®³ 'à®±à¯' பà¯à®©à¯à®±à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®°à®¿à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®®à¯.)
பிற à®®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®®à®¾à®© à®®à¯à®¯à¯à®¯à¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®²à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯ விதிà®à®³à¯ தà¯à®à¯
- c à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ à®®à¯à®¯à¯à®¯à¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà¯ பின௠e ஠லத௠i வநà¯à®¤à®¾à®²à¯ c à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®²à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ sit à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ à®à¯à®²à¯à®²à®¿à®²à¯ வரà¯à®®à¯ s à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®ªà¯à®² à®à®²à®¿à®à¯à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯. à®à®©à®¾à®²à¯ à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯à®¾à®µà®¿à®²à¯ பà¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®®à¯ à®à®¾à®¸à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®²à¯à®²à®¿à®¯à®©à¯ à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿ வà®à®¿à®µà®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®¤à®©à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®²à®à¯ à®à¯à®²à¯à®²à®¾à®à®¿à®¯ think à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à®¿à®²à¯ வரà¯à®®à¯ "th" பà¯à®² à®à®²à®¿à®à¯à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯. à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®²à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ think à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯ ஸà¯à®¤à®¿à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®ªà¯à®² à®à®±à¯à®±à¯ à®à®¾à®±à¯à®±à¯à®²à®¿ à®à®²à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ à®®à¯à®¤à®²à¯ தà®à®°à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®²à®¿à®à¯à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯.
- à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ h à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®²à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯ à®à®¿à®à¯à®¯à®¾à®¤à¯.
- à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯à®°à¯à®à®³à¯ b, v à®à®à®¿à®¯ à®à®°à®£à¯à®à¯à®¯à¯à®®à¯ à®à®°à®¿à®¤à®´à¯ à®à®²à®¿à®¯à®¾à® b à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®ªà¯à®²à¯à®¤à®¾à®©à¯ à®à®²à®¿à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à®¾à®°à¯à®à®³à¯.
à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿ à®à®²à®¿à®¯à®©à¯à®à®³à¯ தà¯à®à¯
à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿ à®à®²à®¿à®¯à®©à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à¯à®´à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®£à¯à®®à¯ à® à®à¯à®à®µà®£à¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®¾à®£à®²à®¾à®®à¯.
à®à®°à®¿à®¤à®´à¯ | à®à®¤à®´à¯- பலà¯à®²à¯à®±à®´à¯ |
பலà¯à®²à¯à®±à®´à¯ | நà¯à®©à®¿à® ணà¯à®£à®®à¯ | நà¯à®©à®¿à® ணà¯à®£à®®à¯ | à®®à¯à®²à®£à¯à®£à®®à¯ | தà¯à®£à¯à®à¯ | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
à®®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®²à®¿ | m | n | ɲ | |||||||||||
Plosive | p | b | t | d | k | g | ||||||||
Fricative | f | θ | s | Ê | x | |||||||||
Affricate | ʧ | |||||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||||
Tap | ɾ | |||||||||||||
Lateral | l | Ê | ||||||||||||
Approximant | j |
à®à®²à®¿à®¯à®©à¯ | à®®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯ à®à®£à¯à®¯à¯à®²à®¿à®à®³à¯ | à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®²à¯ | Distribution and quality of allophones |
/p/ | à®à®°à®¿à®¤à®´à¯ வலà¯à®²à®¿à®©à®®à¯ | "p" (pipa) | |
/b/ | [b], à®à®°à®¿à®¤à®´à¯ வà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®²à®¿ [βÌ], à®à®°à®¿à®¤à®´à¯ வà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®²à®¿ ஠ணà¯à®®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ |
"b" (burro) or "v" (vaca) | [b] appears initially (in some accents) and after nasals (bomba, envidia), [βÌ] elsewhere (nube, la bodega). In rapid speech, [βÌ] can replace [b] in the initial position. After /l/, there is variation among speakers (el burro can be either [elËburo] or [elËβÌuro]). |
/t/ | பலà¯à®²à¯à®±à®´à¯ வலà¯à®²à®¿à®©à®®à¯ | "t" (tomate) | à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ [t̪] à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ à®à®²à®¿ நà¯à®©à®¿à®¨à®¾à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯ தà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®© à®à®²à®¿à®¯à®¾à® à®à®²à¯à®²à®¾à®®à®²à¯ à®à®±à¯à®±à¯ à®®à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯à®¯à®¾à® (தà®à®°à®®à¯ à®à®²à®¨à¯à®¤à®¤à®¾à®) à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯. |
/d/ | [d̪], பலà¯-à®
ணà¯à®£ வà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®²à®¿ [ðÌ], பலà¯-஠ணà¯à®£ வà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®²à®¿ ஠ணà¯à®®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ |
"d" (dedo) | [d̪] à®®à¯à®¤à®²à¯à®²à®¿ , à®®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®²à®¿à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà¯ பிறà®à¯ (donde), /l/à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà¯ பிறà®à¯ (maldito), [ðÌ] பிற à®à®à®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ (nido, la deuda). In most or all of Spain and the à®à®°à®¿à®ªà®¿à®¯à®©à¯ it is usually omitted in the endings -ado and -ados, in Southern Spain also in the endings -ada and -adas (manadas: [maËnaËs]), and less frequently in endings -ido and -idos. In வà¯à®©à®¿à®à¯à®µà¯à®²à®¾ it is omitted in intervocalic position in a final syllable: peludo is pronounced as [peËl̪uo]. In Latin America and Spain it is often omitted in final position: usted = [usËt̪e] or [usËt̪eðÌ]. In Madrid this phoneme may undergo devoicing in final position, merging with /θ/. |
/k/ | தà¯à®£à¯à®à¯ à®à®²à®¿ வலà¯à®²à®¿à®©à®®à¯ | "c" (casa), "qu" (queso), "k" (kiosko) | |
/g/ | [g], தà¯à®£à¯à®à¯ வà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®²à®¿ [É°], தà¯à®£à¯à®à¯ வà¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®²à®¿ ஠ணà¯à®®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ |
"g" (gato), "gu" (guerra). | [g] appears after nasals (ganga), and, very frequently but not always, at the beginning (gato), where /É°/ is also used, though it is less common. [É°] occurs elsewhere (lago, la garganta). After /l/, there is variation among speakers (el gato can be either [el Ëgat̪o] or [el ËÉ°at̪o]). |
Fricatives | |||
---|---|---|---|
/s/ | [s], voiceless alveolar fricative [ɹ], alveolar approximant [h], voiceless glottal fricative |
"s" (sapo) | In Northern/Central Spain and Antioquia, Colombia it is apicoalveolar; in Southern Spain and most of Latin America it is lamino-alveolar (often called "dental") [s].
[s] may become the approximant [ɹ] before a rhotic (israelita: [iɹraeËlit̪a]). In many places it debuccalizes to [h] in final position (niños), or before another consonant (fósforo) â in other words, the change occurs in the coda position in a syllable. In the Colombian Caribe gemination may occur before /k/ or /f/ consonants (pescado: [peËkËaðÌo] or [peËkËao], fósforo: [ËfofËoro]). Before voiced consonants, /s/ is sometimes lightly voiced or a fully voiced [z] (desde). |
பà¯à®µà®¿à®¯à®¿à®¯à®²à¯ பரமà¯à®ªà®²à¯ தà¯à®à¯
பினà¯à®µà®°à¯à®®à¯ à® à®à¯à®à®µà®£à¯ பலà¯à®µà¯à®±à¯ நாà®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯à®³à¯à®³ à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿ பà¯à®à¯à®µà¯à®°à®¿à®©à¯ à®à®£à¯à®£à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®¯à¯à®à¯ à®à®¾à®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à®¤à¯.
நாà®à¯ | à®®à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯[4] | தாயà¯à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®¯à®¾à®à®ªà¯ பà¯à®à¯à®µà¯à®°à¯[5][6][7][8][9] | à®à®°à®£à¯à®à®¾à®®à¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®¯à®¾à®à®ªà¯ பà¯à®à¯à®µà¯à®°à¯[10] | à®®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤ à®à®£à¯à®£à®¿à®à¯à®à¯[10][11] | à®®à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®¯à®¿à®©à¯ à®à®¤à®µà¯à®¤à®®à®¾à® à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿ பà¯à®à¯à®µà¯à®°à¯[12] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 மà¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®à¯à®à¯ | 118,395,054[13] | 10,97,52,215[14] | 11,66,19,128 | 98.5% [12] | |
 à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯ à® à®®à¯à®°à®¿à®à¯à®à®¾ | 316,005,000[15] | 37,579,787[16] | 43,700,000[17] | 51,500,000[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] | 16.3% |
 à®à¯à®²à®®à¯à®ªà®¿à®¯à®¾ | 47,133,000[25] | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "â".[26] | 4,67,55,936 | 99.2%[12] | |
 à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 47,059,533[27] | 3,85,88,817[28] | 4,64,94,819 | 98.8%[12] | |
 ஠ரà¯à®à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à¯à®©à®¾ | 41,660,417[29][30] | 39,500,000 [31] | 4,14,10,454 | 99.4% [12] | |
 வà¯à®©à®¿à®à¯à®µà¯à®²à®¾ | 30,341,000[4][32] | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "â".[33] | 2,99,76,908 | 98.8%[12] | |
 பà¯à®°à¯ | 30,475,144[34] | 2,56,29,596[35] | 2,63,91,475 | 86.6%[12] | |
 à®à®¿à®²à®¿ | 17,556,815[36] | 17,275,215[37] | 1,74,33,917 | 99.3%[12] | |
 à®à®à¯à®à¯à®µà®à¯à®°à¯ | 15,460,000[38] | 13,200,000[39] | 1,51,66,260 | 98.1%[12] | |
 à®à¯à®µà®¾à®¤à¯à®¤à®®à®¾à®²à®¾ | 15,438,384[4] | 92,63,030[40] | 1,33,38,764 | 86.4%[12] | |
 பிரà¯à®à®¿à®²à¯ | 193,946,886 [41] | 483,547 [42] | 483,547 | 12,483,547 [43][44] | 6.4% |
 à®à®¿à®¯à¯à®ªà®¾ | 11,244,000[4] | 11,244,000[45] | 1,11,76,536 | 99.4%[12] | |
 à®à¯à®®à®¿à®©à®¿à®à¯à®à®©à¯ à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®°à®à¯ | 10,309,000[4] | 9,300,000[46] | 1,02,67,764 | 99.6%[12] | |
 பà¯à®²à®¿à®µà®¿à®¯à®¾ | 10,426,154[47] | 60,47,169[48] | 91,64,589 | 87.9%[12] | |
 à®à®£à¯à®à¯à®°à®¾à®à¯ | 8,215,313[49] | 8,007,563[50] | 81,33,160 | 99.0%[12] | |
 பிரானà¯à®à¯ | 65,635,000[51] | 477,564[52] | 1,910,258[10] | 6,685,901[10] | 10.2% |
 à®à®²à¯ à®à®²à¯à®µà®à¯à®° | 6,183,002[53] | 6,168,902[54] | 61,64,453 | 99.7%[12] | |
 நிà®à¯à®à®°à®¾à®à¯à®µà®¾ | 6,042,000[4] | 5,551,876[55] | 58,60,740 | 97.0%[12] | |
 à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾à®²à®¿ | 60,820,696[56] | 467,015[57] | 1,037,248[10] | 5,704,863[10] | 9.4% |
 மà¯à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯ | 31,759,997[58] | 7,405 [59] | 7,405 | 5,500,000[60][61] | 17.3% |
 பரà®à¯à®µà¯ | 6,798,000[4] | 3,874,860[62] | 47,24,610 | 69.5%[12] | |
 à®à¯à®¸à¯à®à¯à®à®¾ ரிà®à¯à®à®¾ | 4,301,712[63] | 4,216,294[64] | 42,67,298 | 99.2%[12] | |
 பà¯à®µà¯à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯ ரிà®à¯à®à¯ | 3,667,084[65] | 34,87,397[66] | 36,23,079 | 98.8%[12] | |
 பனாமா | 3,678,000[67] | 3,176,957[68] | 34,24,218 | 93.1%[12] | |
 à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯ à®à®°à®¾à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ | 63,181,775 [69] | 194,487 [70] | 518,480[10] | 3,110,880[10] | 4.9% |
 à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®µà¯ | 3,286,314[71] | 3,136,114[72] | 32,50,165 | 98.9%[12] | |
 பிலிபà¯à®ªà¯à®©à¯à®à¯ | 97,866,000[73] | 3,325 [59] | 438,882 [74] | 3,016,773[75][76][77][78][79][80][81] | 3.1% |
 à®à¯à®°à¯à®®à®©à®¿ | 80,327,900 [82] | 187,036 [83] | 644,091 [10] | 2,576,366 [10] | 3.1% |
 à®à®à¯à®à¯à®µà®à¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®²à¯ à®à®¿à®©à®¿ | 1,170,308[84] | 1,683[85] | 164,662 | 10,59,129 | 90.5%[12][86] |
 à®à®©à®à®¾ | 34,605,346[87] | 439,000 [88] | 839,000 [89] | 1,001,853[43][90] | 2.9% |
 à®à®°à¯à®®à¯à®©à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 21,355,849[91] | 182,467[10] | 912,337[92] | 4.3% | |
 பà¯à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à®²à¯ | 10,636,888[93] | 10,635 [59] | 323,237[10] | 808,091[10] | 7.6% |
 நà¯à®¤à®°à¯à®²à®¾à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | 16,665,900[94] | 61,666[95] | 133,719[10] | 668,599[10] | 4% |
 à®à¯à®µà¯à®à®©à¯ | 9,555,893[96] | 101,472[97] | 101,472 | 467,474[10] | 4.9% |
 à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à¯à®²à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 21,507,717[98] | 111,400[99] | 111,400 | 447,175[100] | 2.1% |
 பà¯à®²à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ | 10,918,405[101] | 67,024 [102] | 89,395[10] | 446,977[10] | 4.1% |
 பà¯à®²à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | 38,092,000 | 324,137[10] | 324,137[10] | 0.9% | |
 à®à®¸à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 8,205,533 | 280,393[10] | 3.4% | ||
 à®à®µà®°à®¿ à®à¯à®¸à¯à®à¯ | 20,179,602 | 235,806[11] | 1.2% | ||
 ஠லà¯à®à¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 33,769,669 | 223,000[103] | 0.7% | ||
 பà¯à®²à¯à®à¯ | 333,200[104] | 173,597[105] | 173,597 | 209,250[105] | 62.8%[105] |
 à®à¯à®©à¯à®®à®¾à®°à¯à®à¯ | 5,484,723 | 45,613[10] | 182,450[10] | 3.3% | |
 à®à®à¯à®°à¯à®²à¯ | 7,112,359 | 95,000[106] | 95,000 | 175,231[107] | 2.5% |
 à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à¯ | 127,288,419 | 107,514[108] | 107,514 | 167,514[11] | 0.1% |
 ஠யரà¯à®²à®¾à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | 4,581,269 [109] | 5,325 [59] | 35,220 [10] | 140,880 [10] | 3.1% |
 à®à¯à®µà®¿à®à¯à®à®°à¯à®²à®¾à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | 7,581,520 | 123,000[110] | 123,000 | 137,420 | 1.7%[111] |
 பினà¯à®²à®¾à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | 5,244,749 | 133200[10] | 2.5% | ||
 பலà¯à®à¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 7,262,675 | 130,750[10] | 130,750[10] | 1.8% | |
 நà¯à®¤à®°à¯à®²à®¾à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ ஠ணà¯à®à®¿à®²à®¿à®à¯ | 223,652 | 10,699[12] | 10,699 | 125,534[12] | 56.1% |
 à®à¯à®©à®¿à®à®²à¯ | 12,853,259 | 101,455[11] | 0.8% | ||
 à®à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®°à®à¯ | 10,513,209[112] | 90,124[10] | 0.9% | ||
 à®à®®à®°à¯à®©à¯ | 21,599,100[113] | 1,377[114] | 1,377 | 87,077[115] | 0.4% |
 à®à®¿à®°à¯à®à¯à® நாà®à¯ | 10,787,690[116] | 86,936[10] | 0.8% | ||
 ஠à®à¯à®à¯à®°à®¿ | 9,957,731[117] | 83,206[10] | 0.8% | ||
 ஠ரà¯à®ªà®¾ | 101,484[118] | 6,800 | 75,402 | 75,402[119] | 74.3% |
 à®à¯à®°à¯à®µà®¾à®à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 4,491,543 | 73,656[10] | 1.6% | ||
 à®à®¿à®°à®¿à®©à®¿à®à®¾à®à¯ மறà¯à®±à¯à®®à¯ à®à¯à®ªà®¾à®à¯ | 1,317,714[120] | 4,100[121] | 4,100 | 65,886 | 5%[122] |
 ஠நà¯à®¤à¯à®°à®¾ | 84,484 | 29,907[123] | 58,040 | 58,040 | 68.7%[124] |
 à®à®¿à®²à®µà®¾à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 5,455,407 | 45,500[10] | 45,500[10] | 0.8% | |
 நà¯à®°à¯à®µà¯ | 4,644,457 | 12,573[125] | 12,573 | 36,250[11] | 0.8% |
 à®à¯à®©à®¾ | 1,339,724,852[126] | 5,209 [127][128] | 5,209 | 35,209 [129] | 0% |
 லிதà¯à®¤à¯à®µà¯à®©à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 2,972,949[130] | 28,297[10] | 1% | ||
 லà®à¯à®à®®à¯à®ªà®°à¯à®à¯ | 524,853 | 4,049[10] | 20,245[10] | 24,294[10] | 4.6% |
 à®à®°à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 140,702,094 | 3,320 | 3,320 | 23,320[131] | 0% |
 நியà¯à®à®¿à®²à®¾à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | 4,173,460 | 21,645[132] | 21,645 | 21,645 | 0.5% |
 à®à¯à®µà®¾à®®à¯ | 154,805 | 19,092[133] | 12.3% | ||
 ஠மà¯à®°à®¿à®à¯à® à®à®©à¯à®©à®¿à®¤à¯ தà¯à®µà¯à®à®³à¯ | 108,612 | 16,788[134] | 16,788 | 16,788 | 15.5% |
 à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®°à®²à¯à®à®¾à®°à¯ | 27,967 | 13,857 | 13,857 | 13,857 | 49.5% |
 லாதà¯à®µà®¿à®¯à®¾ | 2,209,000[135] | 13,943[10] | 0.6% | ||
 தà¯à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿ | 73,722,988[136] | 1,134[137] | 1,134 | 13,480[138] | 0% |
 à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®°à®à¯ | 838,897 | 13,208[10] | 1.6% | ||
 à®à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 1,210,193,422[139] | 695 [140] | 695 | 10,445 [141] | 0% |
 à®à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®©à®¿à®¯à®¾ | 1,294,455 | 9,457[10] | 0.7% | ||
 à®à®®à¯à®à¯à®à®¾ | 2,804,322 | 8,000[142] | 8,000 | 8,000[142] | 0.3% |
 நமà¯à®ªà®¿à®¯à®¾ | 2,104,900 | 3,870[143] | 3,870 | 3,969 | 0.2% |
 à®à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®¤à¯ | 82,950,332 | 3,500[144] | 0% | ||
 மாலà¯à®à¯à®à®¾ | 417,617 | 3,354[10] | 0.8% | ||
 மà¯à®±à¯à®à¯ à®à®à®¾à®°à®¾ | 513,000[145] | n.a.[146] | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
à®®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®®à¯ | 7,103,788,000 (à®®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤ à®à®²à® à®à®©à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯)[147] | 43,41,39,933 [148][149] | 47,58,98,586 [149] | 52,35,18,179 [150][151][152] | 7.37% |
à®à®£à¯à®à®³à¯ தà¯à®à¯
தமிழ௠à®à®£à¯à®à®³à¯ | à®à®à¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®à®£à¯à®à®³à¯ | à®à®à¯à®à®°à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯ |
---|---|---|
à®à®©à¯à®±à¯ | uno (m)/una (f) | à®à®©à¯/à®à®©à®¾ |
à®à®°à®£à¯à®à¯ | dos | தà¯à®¸à¯ |
à®®à¯à®©à¯à®±à¯ | tres | தà¯à®°à¯à®¸à¯ |
நானà¯à®à¯ | cuatro | à®à¯à®µà®¾à®¤à¯à®°à¯ |
à®à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ | cinco | ஸிà®à¯à®à¯à®à¯ |
à®à®±à¯ | seis | à®à¯à®à®¸à¯ |
à®à®´à¯ | siete | ஸியதà¯à®¤à¯ |
à®à®à¯à®à¯ | ocho | à®à®à¯à®à¯ |
à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯ | nueve | நà¯à®¯à®µà¯ |
பதà¯à®¤à¯ | diez | தியஸ௠|
à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®²à®®à¯à®®à¯ à®à®à¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯à®®à¯à®®à¯ தà¯à®à¯
à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®²à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®©à¯à®±à¯ வழà®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ பல à®à¯à®±à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®µà®´à®¿ பà¯à®±à¯à®±à®µà¯à®¯à®¾à®à¯à®®à¯ [153]. à®à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®à¯à®à®¾à® aligator (à®®à¯à®¤à®²à¯), cargo (à®à®±à¯à®±à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯), cork (தà®à¯à®à¯), ranch (வயலà¯/à®à®³ வà¯à®à¯), mosquito (à®à¯à®à¯), tornado (à®à¯à®´à®²à¯ à®à®¾à®±à¯à®±à¯) à®®à¯à®¤à®²à®¿à®¯à®µà®±à¯à®±à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯. à® à®®à¯à®°à®¿à®à¯à®à®¾à®µà®¿à®²à¯ பல à®à®à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®¯à®°à¯à®à®³à¯à®®à¯ à®à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®©à®¿à®¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ பà¯à®±à¯à®±à®µà¯. லாஸ௠à®à®à¯à®à®²à®¸à¯ (Los Angles), à®à®¾à®©à¯ à®à®µà®¿à®°à®¾à®©à¯à®à®¿à®¸à¯à®à¯à®à¯ (San Francisco), à®à®µà¯à®³à¯à®°à®¿à®à®¾ (Florida), நà¯à®µà®¾à®à®¾ (Neveda) à®®à¯à®¤à®²à®¿à®¯à®µà®±à¯à®±à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯.
à®®à¯à®²à¯à®®à¯ à®à®¾à®£à¯à® தà¯à®à¯
à®à¯à®±à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®à®³à¯ தà¯à®à¯
- â [1].
- â "Universidad de México". Archived from the original on 2012-12-09. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-12-09.
- â Instituto Cervantes ("El Mundo" news)
- â 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "2013 estimate" (MS Excel PDF). UN., formula used to sum population figures by age, for example for Mexico =â¯SUMAâ¯(G677:W677).
- â Books of the year, Britannica, 2003â9
{{citation}}
: Check date values in:|year=
(help) - â es:Anexo:Hablantes de español como lengua materna en el 2003 (según el Britannica Book).
- â Ethnologue (14th ed.)
- â Joshua Project, 2000
- â People's List, US: Census Bureau.[நமà¯à®ªà®à®¤à¯à®¤à®à¯à®¨à¯à®¤ à®®à¯à®±à¯à®à¯à®³à¯?]
- â 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.28 10.29 10.30 10.31 10.32 10.33 10.34 10.35 10.36 10.37 10.38 10.39 10.40 10.41 Eurobarometer (PDF), EU: pag.T74: Speakers who speak Spanish very well. pag.T46: Speakers who speak well enough in order to be able to have a conversation. es:Anexo:Hablantes de español en la U.E. según el Eurobarómetro (2012), 2012, archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-29, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Spanish students for countries out of Europe according to "Cifras", Anuario (PDF) (in Castilian), ES: Instituto Cervantes
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) (there aren't concrete sources about Spanish speakers as a second language except to Europe and Latin America countries). - â 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 12.16 12.17 12.18 12.19 12.20 12.21 12.22 12.23 DemografÃa de la lengua española (PDF) (in Castilian), ES, p. 28
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link), to countries with official Spanish status. - â 2013 population estimate (in Castilian), MX: CONAPO estimate, archived from the original on 2013-08-07, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - â "MX", The World Factbook, USA: CIA, archived from the original on 2018-01-29, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10: Spanish only 92.7%
- â Population clock, US: Census Bureau
- â Hispanics older than 5 years old (Table, US: Census Bureau, 2011)
- â According Pew Hispanic Center 2011, 82% Hispanic people say they can carry on a conversation in Spanish âvery wellâ (pewhispanic.org). The 2012 Hispanic population in USA is 53.3 million according to the census Bureau (census.gov)
- â In addition, there are 7.8 ("1", Español (PDF), Fundacion Siglo, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-27, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10) million Spanish students in USA, many of them are not Hispanics. Finally, there are 9 million illegal Hispanics in USA, some of them aren't in the census (Pálidos de hambre (in Castilian), Impre, 2009â4â19, archived from the original (editorial) on 2012-01-11, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
{{citation}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)). - â Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española, El castellano, archived from the original on 2016-02-24, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â Ansón, José Ma, José Ma. Ansón: "Casi cincuenta millones" hablan español en EE. UU., El Castellano, archived from the original on 2016-02-24, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â "La amenaza al idioma español â Voces de Univision". Univision.com. Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â RodrÃguez Barilari, Elbio, Congresos de la lengua (in Castilian), ES, archived from the original on 2013-07-15, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - â Más de 70 expertos participaran en la III Acta Internacional de la Lengua Española (in Castilian), ES: ABC de Sevilla, 2008â3â29, archived from the original on 2012-05-26, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
{{citation}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - â CNN en español restructures its programming, The New York Times, 2011â3â13
{{citation}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) (The United States is now the second-largest Spanish-speaking country in the world, with more Spanish speakers than Spain, and exceeded only by Mexico). - â "Reloj animado" (in Castilian). CO: DANE. Archived from the original on 2012-01-14. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-09-01.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - â There are 508,376 speakers of American Indian languages ("CO", Ethnologue)
- â "Datos básicos" (in Spanish). ES: INE. 2001-05-28. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-01-01.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - â 82.0% speak Spanish as a first language (Eurobarometer (PDF), Europa, 2012, archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-29, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10)
- â "Argentinian census INDEC estimate for 2013". Archived from the original on 2005-05-14. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â 40,872,286 people is the census population result for 2010 Censo, AR: INDEC, 2010, archived from the original on 2011-06-15, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â Ethnologue. "Argentina". Ethnologue. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-06-14.
- â The data 28,946,101 people, is a preliminary study result of the census for 2011 (diariodecaracas.com)
- â There are 1,098,244 people who speak other language as their mother tongue (main languages: Chinese 400,000, Portuguese 254,000, Wayuu 199,000, Arabic 110,000): Ethnologue.
- â Ezio Quispe Fernández. "(2013)". INEI. Archived from the original on 2012-04-06. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â Spanish (official) 84.1%, Quechua (official) 13%, Aymara 1.7%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.7%, other 0.2% (2007 Census): cia.gov பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2016-11-05 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯. There are 5,782,260 people who speak other language as mother tongue (main languages: Quechua (among 32 Quechua's varieties) 4,773,900, Aymara (2 varieties) 661 000, Chinese 100,000). Ethnologue
- â "INE (Chile â 2013, page 36)" (PDF). பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â There are 281,600 people who speak another language, mainly Mapudungun (250.000): Ethnologue
- â Ecuatorian census INEC estimate பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2013-01-21 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯.
- â Ethnologue (2011)
- â Spanish (official) 60%, Amerindian languages 40%: cia.gov பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2015-10-02 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â IBGE, BR, 2012
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - â Native Spanish speakers immigrants:UCM (PDF), p. 32,
50% of 733,000 foreigners in Brazil are from தà¯à®±à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®¯ பà¯à®¤à¯à®à¯ à®à®¨à¯à®¤à¯
+ 110,422 Spaniards (INE (1/1/2013)) + 6,625 Mexicans (in 2010 பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2013-01-15 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯). - â 43.0 43.1 2012 Spanish in the world (Instituto Cervantes) (page 6)
- â oei.org.co பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2008-07-24 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, president of Brazil: Near 9 million students are learning Spanish and the forecast is 12 million in 2010. Instituto Cervantes: More than 1 million of Spanish students in the private school and almost 11 million estimated for 2010 in the public school.
- â "Ethnologue report for Cuba". Ethnologue.com. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â Ethnologue (2011)
- â "(2010)". INE. Archived from the original on 2010-05-17. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â According to the 1992 Census, 58 per cent of the population speaks Spanish as its mother tongue. unicef.org பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2012-01-19 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â "INE (2011)". Archived from the original on 2011-05-19. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2011-02-05.
- â There are 207,750 people who speak another language, mainly Garifuna (98,000).: Ethnologue
- â "INSEE estimate to 1/11/2012". Insee.fr. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â 1% of 47,756,439 (population of France older than 15 years in 2012). Source: Eurobarometer 2012. There are almost 200,000 immigrants only from Spain according to INE (1/1/2012) பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2009-01-15 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â Census 2010 estimation பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2009-09-19 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯ (page 32)
- â There are 14,100 people who speak other language as their mother tongue (main language, Kekchà with 12,300 speakers): Ethnologue.
- â There are 490,124 people who speak another language, mainly MÃskito (154,000).: Ethnologue
- â Eurostat 1/1/2013
- â 246,208 Peruvians residents in 2012 (es:Emigración peruana) + 120,000 Ecuatorians ([2]) + 64,000 Colombians (en 2003) + 18,116 Spanish residents (INE 2012) + 11,239 Argentinian residents in 2012 (es:Emigración argentina) + 3,485 Mexicans + 3,138 Chileans
- â "Morocco census". Hcp.ma. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â 59.0 59.1 59.2 59.3 Spanish immigrants in the world according to (INE (1/1/2013))
- â there are between 4 and 7 million Spanish speakers in Morocco (Ammadi, 2002) educacion.es பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2011-02-05 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â According to a survey made in 2005 by CIDOB, 21.6% of the population speak Spanish (realinstitutoelcano.org பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2016-07-18 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯, afapredesa.org பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2010-12-02 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯). According to the Morocco Census of 2004, the Morocco population is 29,680,069 (hcp.ma)
- â According to the 1992 census, 50% use both Spanish and the indigenous language Guarani at home, 37% speak Guarani only, 7% speak Spanish only.findarticles.com பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2013-09-07 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯. About 75 percent can speak Spanish.pressreference.com
- â "Primera variación del año registró un 0,68%". INEC. Archived from the original on 2015-11-20. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2011-02-05.
- â [There are 85,418 people who speak another language.: http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CR Ethnologue]
- â "2012 US. census Bureau" (PDF).
- â 95.10% of the population speaks Spanish (US. Census Bureau)
- â Census INE estimate for 2013 பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2011-10-07 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯ (véase "Proyección de Población por municipio 2008-2020")
- â There are 501,043 people who speak another language as mother tongue: PA, Ethnologue
- â "Census 2011". U.K. Gov. Census. 2012-04-02. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â Native Spanish speakers immigrants: 90,000 Colombians in 2003, Migration information + 74,389 Spanish in 2013, INE, ES + 10,455 Mexicans in 2009, "Update 2006â9", Facs and figures (PDF), ENG, UK: London government, archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-05-27, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10 | + 7,391 Argentinians in 2012, Argentina profile (PDF), IOM, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-12, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10 + 5,131 Chileans in 2004 "Registro de chilenos", Chile somos todos, CL: Chile government, archived from the original on 2011-10-06, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10 + 7,121 Peruvians in 2012 Registro peruanos (PDF), Boletin de New York, archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-09, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â "2011 Uruguayan Census". 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-01-12.
- â There are 150,200 people who speak another language as mother tongue, UY, Ethnologue
- â Medium projection, PH: National Statistics Office, Mid-2010
{{citation}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - â "realinstitutoelcano.org native knowledge speakers". Archived from the original on 2014-02-09. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2022-01-28.
- â 1,816,773 Spanish + 1,200,000 Spanish creole: Quilis, Antonio (1996), La lengua española en Filipinas (PDF), Cervantes virtual, p. 54 and 55
- â Ten Reasons (PDF), ES: Mepsyd, p. 23, archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-05-25, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â Philippines, Spanish differences, archived from the original on 2012-12-21, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â Spanish in the world 2012 (Instituto Cervantes): 3,017,265 Spanish speakers. 439,000 with native knowladge, 2,557,773 with limited knowladge (page 6), and 20,492 Spanish students (page 10).
- â Nestor Diaz: More than 2 million Spanish speakers and around 3 million with Chavacano speakers (2010-04-24). "FILIPINAS / Vigoroso regreso del español". Aresprensa.com. Archived from the original on 2008-12-23. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - â The figure of 2â¯900â¯000 Spanish speakers is in Thompson, RW, Pluricentric languages: differing norms in different nations, p. 45
- â World wide Spanish language, Sispain
- â German census, DE: Destatis, 2011-12-31, archived from the original on 2018-12-21, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
- â Native Spanish speakers immigrants: 116,056 Spanish (Tabla, INE, 2013-01-01) + 27,328 Peruvians (es:Emigración peruana) + 13,313 Colombians (Profile, Migration information, 2003) + 12,520 Mexicans ([3] பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2010-12-29 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯) + 7,391 Argentinians (es:Emigración argentina) + 6,704 Chileans ([4] பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2011-10-06 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯) + 3,724 Ecuatorians ([5] பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2014-10-06 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯)
- â "Equatorial Guinea census". Population statistics. 2010. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â Spanish according to INE 2011
- â 13,7% of the population speaks Spanish natively and other 74% as a second language: "Anuario", CVC (PDF) (in Castilian), ES: Cervantes, 2007â7
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(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - â Statcan, CA: GC
- â www12.statcan.gc.ca/census
- â elcorreo.ca
- â PMB Statistics, Media in Canada, 2006â10â11, p. 2, archived from the original on 2013-01-15, பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10
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(help)CS1 maint: date and year (link) (909,000 Spanish speakers over the age of 12). There are also 92,853 students according to Instituto Cervantes - â Eurostat (1/1/2012 estimate)
- â Eurobarometer (PDF), EU: Europa, 2006
- â Eurostat 1/1/2010
- â "Netherland Census ClockPop". Cbs.nl. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â 30,300 Colombians (in 2003) + 20,926 Spanish residents (INE 1/1/2013) + 7.804 Peruvians (en 2008 பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2011-11-04 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯ + 1.206 Mexicans + 918 Chileans [6] பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2011-10-06 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯)
- â 2012 census
- â Sweden Census SCB (2002)
- â "2011 Census". Archived from the original on 2014-04-03. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â "2071.0 â Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012â2013". Abs.gov.au. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-06-14.
- â Page 32 of the "DemografÃa de la lengua española"
- â "Eurostat estimate to 1/1/2011". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 2012-04-02. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â 50,318 Spanish residents (INE, 2013), 15,000 Colombians (migrationinformation.org, 2003), 1,706 from Chile chilesomostodos.gov.cl (2005) பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2011-10-06 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â Between 150,000 and 200,000 in Tinduf (aprendemas.com) + 48,000 in Wilaya of Oran (page 31 of DemografÃa de la lengua española)
- â statisticsbelize.org.bz (2009 mid-year)
- â 105.0 105.1 105.2 Page 32 of DemografÃa de la lengua española (52,1% native speakers + 11,7% with some Spanish knowladge))
- â 15,000 Judaeo-Spanish "DemografÃa de la lengua española", page 35 + 80,000 immigrants from Iberoamerica [7]
- â Pages 34, 35 of the "DemografÃa de la lengua española", page 35.
- â 100,229 Peruvians residents in 2012 (es:Emigración peruana), 3,893 Mexicans residents (es:Emigración mexicana), 1.803 residentes argentinos (es:Emigración argentina) y 1,589 Spanish residents (according to INE 1/1/2012)
- â "à®à®¾à®ªà¯à®ªà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நà®à®²à¯" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-27. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â Centro Virtual Cervantes. "Britannica Book of the Year 1998". Cvc.cervantes.es. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â "all-about-switzerland.info". all-about-switzerland.info. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â "czso.cz". Archived from the original on 2014-03-31. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â Evolution de la population par sexe de 1976 à 2012 பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2013-01-15 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯ en: Annuaire Statistique du Cameroun 2010. Consultado el 23-08-2012.
- â (பிரà¯à®à¯à®à¯) Pages 113-115 Tableau 20: Immigrants au Cameroun, en 2007. பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2013-04-29 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â "Unidad en la diversidad. OpiniÑn". Unidadenladiversidad.com. Archived from the original on 2015-06-13. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-06-14.
- â "à®à®¾à®ªà¯à®ªà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நà®à®²à¯" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-10-15. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â ksh.hu (2012)
- â "Resultado 2010 â Persona". Censo2010.aw. 2010-10-06. Archived from the original on 2012-04-25. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â "Page 32" (PDF). பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â "à®à®¾à®ªà¯à®ªà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நà®à®²à¯". Archived from the original on 2012-01-07. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â "Ethnologue report for Trinidad and Tobago". Ethnologue.com. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_41.pdf
- â 35.4% speak Spanish as a first language www.iea.ad பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2010-05-29 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯
- â "à®à®¾à®ªà¯à®ªà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நà®à®²à¯". Archived from the original on 2010-05-29. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â cvc.cervantes.es
- â "Press Release on Major Figures of the 2010 National Population Census". Stats.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2012-04-18. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â Spanish residents in China (INE, 2013)
- â 1,083 Mexican residents in China (ime.gob.mx, 2010)
- â 25,000 Spanish students in the university + 5,000 in the "Instituto Cervantes"cervantes.es (page 4)
- â "db1.stat.gov.lt (2013)". Archived from the original on 2010-08-19. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-08-10.
- â "ANUARIO IC 2009" (PDF). பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-11-06.
- â New Zealand census (2006)
- â Page 34 of the DemografÃa de la Lengua Española
- â "2010 Census". Census.gov. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-06-14.
- â "Population â Key Indicators | Latvijas statistika". Csb.gov.lv. Archived from the original on 2013-06-28. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-06-14.
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ignored (help) - â "::Welcome to Turkish Statistical Institute(TurkStat)'s Web Pages::". TurkStat. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - â Spanish immigrants (INE (1/1/2011))
- â 8,000 (Page 37 of the DemografÃa de la lengua española) + 4,346 Spanish Students (according to the Instituto Cervantes)
- â http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/indiaatglance.html
- â Spanish residents in India according to ine.es (2013)
- â 4,250 Spanish students in the university + 5,500 in private centers: cervantes.es
- â 142.0 142.1 Languages of Jamaica,
- â El español en Namibia, 2005. Instituto Cervantes.
- â cvc.cervantes.es
- â "2009 estimate" (PDF). UN. 2008. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2010-04-21.
- â The Spanish 1970 census claims 16.648 Spanish speakers in Western Sahara ([8]) but probably most of them were people born in Spain who left after the Moroccan annexation
- â "International Programs â People and Households â U.S. Census Bureau". Census.gov. 2013-04-12. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2012-08-20.
- â Instituto Cervantes and British Council (420 million Spanish native speakers)
- â 149.0 149.1 ethnologue.com (17th ed.) (406 million speakers as a first language, 466 million speakers as a first and second language)
- â According to an Instituto Cervantes 2013 report, there are 528 millon Spanish speakers, including speakers with limited knowledge, or students of the language: eldiae.es
- â "The 30 Most Spoken Languages in the World". KryssTal. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-01-16.
- â "500 millones de razones para saber español | Edición impresa | EL PAÃS". Elpais.com. பாரà¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® நாள௠2013-01-16.
- â Spanish to English பரணிà®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯ 2017-08-08 at the வநà¯à®¤à®µà®´à®¿ à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à¯ à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®ªà¯à®¯à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯.