Venezuela

[arw] Coastal area near Guyana, Delta Amacuro. 100 in Venezuela (2002 SIL). 230 (71%) of the ethnic group are monolingual in Spanish [spa], some in English [eng]. Ethnic population: 428 (2008). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Arowak, Lokono Dialects: Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Maritime, Ta-Maipurean Came to Venezuela from Guyana.
More Information

[bvv] Amazonas State, Atabapo and Casiquiare regions. Colombia border area. No remaining speakers. Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Abane, Avani, Ayane Dialects: Baniva, Quirruba. Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Upper Amazon, Central Upper Amazon, Yavitero Distinct from Baniwa [bwi] in Río Negro region.
More Information

[bae] Extreme southwest at Colombia border, Amazonas, along the upper Río Negro from Brazil-Venezuela border to Casiquiare Canal, Maroa. Also in Brazil. 240 in Venezuela (2011 W. Largo). Ethnic population: 2,790 (1998). Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Alternate Names: Arihini, Barauana, Barauna, Barawana, Cunipusana, Ihini, Maldavaca, Mitua, Yavita Dialects: Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Upper Amazon, Central Upper Amazon, Baré ‘Baré’ is also a cover term for separate languages: Baré, Mandahuaca [mht], Guarequena [gae], Baniwa [bwi], and Piapoco [pio].
More Information

[car] Monagas and Anzoategui states, northeast near Orinoco river mouth, some in Bolivar state, just south of Orinoco. Also in Brazil (Galibi), French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname. 4,450 in Venezuela (2001 census). Population total all countries: 7,358. Ethnic population: 11,200 (Crevels 2007). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Caribe, Cariña, Galibi, Kalihna, Kalinya, Kariña Dialects: Murato (Myrato, Western Carib), Tabajari. Eastern dialect primarily in eastern Suriname and in French Guiana and Brazil; western dialect in central and western areas of Suriname and in Guyana and Venezuela. Classification: Cariban
More Information

[cui] Apure State, along upper Capanaparo river and its tributary Riecito. 650 in Venezuela (Crevels 2007). Nearly all monolingual. Ethnic population: 650 (Crevels 2007). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Cuiva Dialects: Amaruwa (Amorua), Chiricoa, Masiguare, Mella, Ptamo, Sicuane (Sicuari), Siripu, Yarahuuraxi-Capanapara. Classification: Guajiboan Seminomadic bands.
More Information

[kpc] Amazonas State, Victorino and San Fernando de Atabapo zones. 3,630 in Venezuela (2001 census). Ethnic population: 4,930. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Curipaco, Kuripako, Kurripako, Yaverete-Tapuya Dialects: Âja-Kurri, Êje-Kjénim, Ôjo-Kjárru. Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Upper Amazon, Eastern Nawiki, Karu
More Information

[gct] 1,500 (2009 H. Collin). Ethnic population: 6,000. Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Alemán Coloniero, Patois Dialects: Developed from Alemannisch [gsw] (Oberdeutsch) of 1843 under the influence of many other dialects of south Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Not intelligible with Standard German [deu]; may be close to Alsatian dialect of Swiss German [gsw] in France. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Upper German, Alemannic
More Information

[gae] Amazonas, San Miguel river, Guzmán Blanco village, below Maroa. Possibly in Colombia. Also in Brazil. 160 in Venezuela (2001 census). Population total all countries: 650. Ethnic population: 510. Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Arequena, Guarekena, Uerequema, Urequema, Warekena Dialects: Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Upper Amazon, Western Nawiki, Warekena
More Information

[wpc] Ventuari river tributaries, Wapuchi, Paru, Yureba, and Marueta rivers; Marueta, Wapuchi, Porvenir, Tavi-Tavi, Mariche, and Morocoto villages. 2,500 (2002 J. Miller). Status: 6a (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Itoto, Jojod, Mako, Wotuja Dialects: Classification: Sálivan, Piaroa-Maco
More Information

[mht] Colombia border, extreme southwest, Amazonas, east of Baré [bae] language area on Baria river and Casiquiare canal. 3,000 (1975 G. Indigenista). The size of the ethnic group is not clear since the usually cited number of 3,000 (1975 G. Indigenista) probably includes Baré [bae], Baniva [bwi] and Mandahuaca (Crevels 2007). Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Alternate Names: Arihini, Cunipusana, Ihini, Maldavaca, Mandauaca, Mandawaka, Mitua, Yavita Dialects: Related to Yabarana [yar]. Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Upper Amazon, Western Nawiki, Warekena ’Baré’ is a cover term for separate languages: Baré [bae], Mandahuaca, Guarekena [gae], Baniwa [bwi], Piapoco [pio]. Sometimes considered a dialect of Baré [bae].
More Information

[mch] Bolivar and Amazonas states, Brazilian border area on mid-Paragua, Caura, Erebato, upper Ventuari, upper Auaris, Matacuni, Cuntinamo, Padamo, and Cunucunuma rivers. Also in Brazil. 5,520 in Venezuela (2001 census). Population total all countries: 5,950. Ethnic population: 6,520. Status: 6a (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Cunuana, De’cuana, Maiongong, Maquiritai, Maquiritare, Pawana, Soto, Ye’cuana, Yekuana Dialects: Classification: Cariban, Central, Makiritare
More Information

[shb] Bolivar State, Karun and Paragua rivers. 100 in Venezuela. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Shiriana, Yanam Dialects: Northern Ninam, Southern Ninam. Classification: Yanomaman
More Information

[pbc] Guyana and Brazil east border area. Ethnic population: 200 (Crevels 2007). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Dialects: Classification: Cariban, North Amazonian, Pemón, Pemón proper, Kapong
More Information

[pev] Upper Majagua village, with Yabarana [yar] languae speakers. No remaining speakers. Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Dialects: Similar to Mapoyo [mcg] and Yabarana [yar]. Classification: Cariban, Central, Mapoyo-Yavarana Different from Pemón [aoc] of Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana. Unknown until 1998.
More Information

[pid] Amazonas, Orinoco river south bank, inland from Paguasa river to Manapiari. Also in Colombia. 14,500 in Venezuela (2001 census). 2,200 urban; 12,300 rural. Population total all countries: 14,580. Ethnic population: 14,500. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Dearwa, Deruwa, Uhothha, Uwotjüja, Wo’tiheh Dialects: Classification: Sálivan, Piaroa-Maco
More Information

[pui] Amazonas State, lower Guaviare and Inírida river basins down to San Fernando de Atabapo region. 880 in Venezuela (2001 census). Ethnic population: 1,310. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Puinare, Wanse Dialects: Classification: Puinavean
More Information

[slc] Cedoño department. 250 in Venezuela (1991 W. Adelaar). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Sáliva Dialects: Classification: Sálivan Very acculturated in Venezuela.
More Information

[spc] Bolivar State, 3 small settlements on the Paragua and Karuna rivers. 5 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 28 (1992). Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Alternate Names: Caliana, Chirichano, Kaliána, Kariana Dialects: Some lexical correspondences with Warao [wba]. Greenberg classified it provisionally as Macro-Tucanoan. Classification: Language isolate
More Information

[tmz] Near Mapoyo and Yawarana. No remaining speakers. Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Dialects: Similar to Eñepa [pbh]. Classification: Cariban, Central, Mapoyo-Yavarana
More Information

[vsl] Status: 6a (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Lengua de Señas Venezolana Dialects: Sign language used in school is different from that used by adults outside. Classification: Deaf sign language Manual alphabet for spelling.
More Information

[guc] Zulia State, Guajira peninsula. 199,000 in Venezuela (2001 census). Ethnic population: 294,000. Status: 6a (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Goajiro, Guajira, Guajiro Dialects: Classification: Maipurean, Northern, Maritime, Ta-Maipurean
More Information

[guu] Orinoco-Mavaca area. Eastern dialect: Parima mountains, east of Batau river; Western dialect: Padamo river basin, Ocamo, Manaviche, and upper Orinoco rivers, and south of Orinoco river Marania and Cauaburi rivers’ headwaters, large villages in Siapa river area south. Also in Brazil. 15,700 in Venezuela (2000). Population total all countries: 19,700. Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Cobari Kobali, Cobariwa, Guaharibo, Guaica, Guajaribo, Shamatari, Yanomame, Yanomami Dialects: Eastern Yanomami (Parima), Western Yanomami (Padamo-Orinoco). Related to Yanomámi [wca] (Waiká) of Brazil. Cobari dialect is easily intelligible of the others. Classification: Yanomaman
More Information

[yup] Zulia State, Cesar region, north Sierra de Perijá, on the Colombia border, between Palmar river north and Tucuco river south. 3,040 in Venezuela (2007). 2,220 urban; 800 rural. Ethnic population: 10,000 (2001 census). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Macoíta, Manso, Northern Motilón, Yucpa, Yuko, Yupa Dialects: Atapshi (Yukpa norte), Irapa (Yukpa sur), Iroka, Macoíta, Pariri (Yukpa central), Wasama, Yikta. Classification: Cariban, Yukpa, Yucpa-Yapreria Most live in urban areas.
More Information