books.google.com - Scholars have long accepted China's own view of its traditional foreign relations: that China devised its own world order and maintained it from the second century B.C. to the nineteenth century. China ruled out equality with any nation: foreign rulers and their envoys were treated as subordinates or...https://books.google.com/books/about/China_Among_Equals.html?id=sNpD5UKmkswC&q=%22As+the+self-proclaimed+successor+to+Koguryo+and+the+protector+of+Parhae+refugees,+many+of+them+of+Koguryo+origin,+Koryo+considered+the+northern+territories+in+Manchuria+its+rightful+legacy.%22&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareChina Among Equals